Salmoneus (Ancient Greek: Σαλμωνεύς) was 'the wicked' eponymous king and founder of Salmone in Pisatis. He is famous for his hubris of imitating Zeus and forcing his subjects to worship him.
Mythology[]
Reign[]
Emigrating from Aeolis with a number of Aeolians, Salmoneus founded a city in Eleia (Elis) on the banks of the river Alpheius and called it Salmonia after his own name. He then married Alcidice, the daughter of Aleus but when she died, the king took for a second wife Sidero who treated his beautiful daughter Tyro unkindly.
Sisyphus and Tyro[]
Salmoneus and Sisyphus were rivals. Sisyphus was told by the Oracle of Delphi that, if he married his niece Tyro, she would bear a child that would kill Salmoneus. At first, Tyro married Sisyphus and bore his son but, after hearing what the child would do, she killed the boy. It was soon after this that Tyro lay with Poseidon and bore him Pelias and Neleus.
Salmoneus' Hubris[]
Salmoneus ordered his subjects to worship him. He did this by pretending to be Zeus; he built a bridge of brass, over which he drove at full speed in his chariot to imitate thunder, the effect being heightened by dried skins and cauldrons trailing behind while torches were thrown into the air to represent lightning. For his excessive hubris, he and his town were struck down by Zeus. and confined to Tartarus (as his brother, the death-defying Sisyphus would also be).
Family[]
He was the son of Aeolus and Enarete in Greek mythology. As such, he was the brother of Sisyphus, Athamas, Cretheus, Athamas, Perieres, Deioneus, Magnes, Calyce, Canace, Alcyone, Pisidice and Perimede. He was the half-brother to Arne.
His daughter by his first wife Alcidice was Tyro. Through Tyro's marriage to her uncle Cretheus, Salmoneus was the grandfather and uncle of Amythaon, Pheres and Aeson (and thus ancestor of Melampus and Jason). Through Tyro's affair with Poseidon, Salmoneus was the grandfather of Neleus and Pelias (and thus grandfather of Nestor).
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