The dēw (Persian: دِیْو, Iranian: Div, Tajik: Dev) plural dēwān (Persian: دیوان, Iranian: Divân) or dēw-hā (Persian: دیوها, Iranian: Div-hâ), is a malevolent supernatural being prominently featured in Persian folklore and mythology. These demonic creatures are based on daevas who are believed to be the offspring of Ahriman, the Zoroastrian god of evil, and are often associated with darkness, chaos, and destruction. The term dēw derives from the Avestan word daēuua, which originally meant "god" but later came to denote "gods that are (to be) rejected" in Zoroastrianism¹. The dēw is also related to the Sanskrit word deva, which means "god" or "divine" in Hinduism. Although not specifically mentioned in Zoroastrian scriptures, the dēw has become a common figure in modern Persian folklore and is depicted in various forms of art, literature, and cinema.
Characteristics and Abilities[]
In Persian folklore, the dēw is often portrayed as a shape-shifter capable of taking on various forms, including animals, humans, or objects. They are believed to possess supernatural powers and abilities, such as the ability to fly, teleport, and control the elements. The dēw is also said to have the power to possess human beings and cause them harm, such as illness or insanity.
The dēw is typically depicted as a malevolent being that delights in causing harm and chaos to humans. They are often associated with dark and eerie places, such as abandoned buildings, graveyards, and deep forests. In some tales, the dēw is said to be attracted to people who commit sins or break taboos, such as those who speak ill of the dead or disrespect holy places.
Vulnerabilities and Countermeasures[]
Despite their malevolent nature, some stories depict the dēw as being vulnerable to certain objects or rituals. For example, it is said that the dēw can be repelled by the sound of bells or by reciting certain verses from holy scripturss. Some people also believe that certain herbs or talismans can protect them from the dēw's malevolent influence.
Cultural Significance[]
The dēw has been a popular figure in Persian art and literature for centuries. One famous example is the epic poem Shahnameh," written by Firdawsi in the 11th century, which includes several tales featuring the dēw. The dēw has also been adapted into other media, such as films, comics, and video games.
In summary, the dēw is a demonic being in Persian folklore and mythology that originates from an ancient term for "god" but later became associated with evil and chaos. The dēw can shape-shift into various forms and has supernatural powers but can be repelled by certain means. The dēw has been a source of inspiration for many artists and writers throughout history, capturing the imagination of people in modern times.