Devas (also known as gods or shining ones) are a class of celestial beings that control natural forces and aspects of life in Hinduism. They are often contrasted with the asuras, who are demonic or malevolent beings. Devas are worshipped and invoked by humans for various purposes, such as protection, prosperity, and guidance.
Some of the important devas in Hinduism are:
- **Brahma** - the deity of creation - **Vishnu** - the deity of preservation - **Shiva** - the deity of destruction and regeneration - **Ganesha** - the deity of new beginnings, wisdom, and luck - **Indra** - the king of devas and the deity of thunder, rain, and war - **Agni** - the deity of fire and sacrifice - **Surya** - the deity of the sun and light - **Varuna** - the deity of water and cosmic order - **Vayu** - the deity of wind and air
Devas are not eternal or omnipotent, but are subject to birth and death, karma, and reincarnation. They reside in various realms or heavens called lokas, where they enjoy pleasures and powers that surpass those of humans. However, they are also bound by desire and attachment, and thus are not free from suffering.
Devas are part of the Hindu cosmology, which includes other types of beings such as asuras, yakshas (nature spirits), rakshasas (ogres), gandharvas (celestial musicians), apsaras (celestial nymphs), nagas (serpents), garudas (eagles), and many more. Devas are also mentioned in Buddhist and Jain texts, where they have similar but not identical roles and characteristics.