File:Rune styles (long-branch vs. short-twig, etc.)

A quick look at some of the differences between rune styles in the Younger Futhark period, and how the stylistics of the Younger Futhark gradually evolved over time.

Jackson Crawford, Ph.D.: Sharing real expertise in Norse language and myth with people hungry to learn, free of both ivory tower elitism and the agendas of self-appointed gurus. Visit https://jacksonwcrawford.com/ (includes bio and linked list of all videos).

Jackson Crawford’s Patreon page: https://www.patreon.com/norsebysw

Visit Grimfrost at http://www.grimfrost.com?aff=183

Latest FAQs: https://vimeo.com/375149287 (updated Nov. 2019).

Jackson Crawford’s translation of Hávamál, with complete Old Norse text: https://www.hackettpublishing.com/the-wanderer-s-havamal-4275 or https://www.amazon.com/Wanderers-Havamal-Jackson-Crawford/dp/1624668356/

Jackson Crawford’s translation of The Poetic Edda: https://www.hackettpublishing.com/the-poetic-edda or https://www.amazon.com/Poetic-Edda-Stories-Hackett-Classics/dp/1624663567/ Audiobook: https://www.audible.com/pd/The-Poetic-Edda-Audiobook/1982597550?qid=1542115406

Jackson Crawford’s translation of The Saga of the Volsungs: https://www.hackettpublishing.com/the-saga-of-the-volsungs-4098 or https://www.amazon.com/Saga-Volsungs-Lothbrok-Hackett-Classics/dp/1624666337/ Audiobook: https://www.audible.com/pd/The-Saga-of-the-Volsungs-Audiobook/B07L44HRNH

Music © I See Hawks in L.A., courtesy of the artist. Visit http://www.iseehawks.com/

Logos by Elizabeth Porter (snowbringer at gmail).