File:Celtic or Viking knots? Medieval stone monuments of Britain

British medieval stone monuments such as the High Cross are famous for their unique interlace styles sometimes called Celtic knot work. During the early medieval era the Picts erected unique picture stones, the Anglo-Saxons established the high cross tradition and the Gaels and Vikings also influenced the artwork of the peoples of the British isles. In this video I will try to explain how the medieval stone monument tradition developed and how the Viking invasions influenced the high cross tradition in Ireland and resulted in runic crosses on the Isle of Mann and hogbacks graves in Scotland and England. You will see animated cgi of the pagan Norse imagery from the Gosforth cross and finally I take a trip to the marvellous medieval stones of Govan in Scotland. Sometimes it is hard to tell if such monuments are Celtic, Viking or Anglo-Saxon!

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Art by: Gosforth cross by Robert Molyneaux https://www.artstation.com/robertmolyneaux Knocknagael Boar Stone by Roy Douglas https://www.artstation.com/roydouglas Christian Sloan Hall https://www.deviantart.com/americanvendetta

Music in order: Kevin MacLeod - Moorland Wolcensmen - sunne Xurios - steppe expansion Gvasdanahr - through the astral void Borg - May queen enters the circle Lorcán Mac Mathúna - Caoineadh Fherdia Kevin MacLeod - rites Ormgard - Sjálfsforn Lorcán Mac Mathúna - Dinseannchas Andrew Weis - Scottish medieval Simon Jacobs - Ad Victoriam

Sources: Bristow and Cramp 'Corpus of Anglo-Saxon Stone Sculpture in England' (British Academy, 1984) http://www.ascorpus.ac.uk/ Cramp, R. 'Grammar of Anglo-Saxon ornament : a general introduction to the Corpus of Anglo-Saxon stone sculpture' (Oxford: 1984) Moss, Rachel. Medieval c. 400—c. 1600: Art and Architecture of Ireland. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2014. Wretch, R., "Decoding Anglo-Saxon art" British Museum blog.

00:00 Introduction 00:51 Neolithic stone monuments 01:26 Celtic stone monuments 02:35 Roman stelae 03:21 Medieval interlace 04:00 Peoples of early medieval Britain 05:01 Pictish stones 06:08 The High Cross 08:35 Runestones 09:47 Origin of interlace 13:04 Bizarchives 13:28 The Celtic Cross 15:11 Dolton Anglo-Saxon font 16:53 Viking Gosforth cross 19:06 Giant’s grave Penrith 20:05 Hogbacks 21:36 Govan stones 24:54 Conclusion